What are common anti-nutritional factors found in livestock feeds?

The correct response highlights a range of compounds known as anti-nutritional factors that are detrimental to the nutritional well-being of livestock. Tannins, for instance, can bind to proteins and inhibit their digestion, leading to lower protein availability. Lectins can interfere with the absorption of nutrients and may cause intestinal damage in some animals, disrupting their overall health and growth. Certain oligosaccharides can also hinder nutrient availability by modifying gut health or creating digestive issues.

In contrast, the other options consist of essential nutrients and beneficial components. Vitamins and minerals are crucial for physiological functions, while fibers play an important role in gut health and digestion. Amino acids and fatty acids are vital for various metabolic processes and energy production in livestock. Probiotics and enzymes are generally seen as beneficial additives that support digestion and overall health. Thus, these other choices do not capture the essence of compounds that negatively impact nutrient absorption and utilization as effectively as tannins, lectins, and specific oligosaccharides do.